[, ]the situation when a factory, school, hospital, etc. shuts permanently（永久性的）停业，关闭◆The company is hoping to avoid plant closures and lay-offs.公司希望避免工厂倒闭和裁员。◆factories earmarked for closure被指定关闭的工厂⨁branch / plant / store closures分支机构／工厂／商店倒闭⨁to avoid / face / force / lead to / prevent closure(s)避免／面临／强迫／导致／防止倒闭