(running, ran /ræn/, run) [transitive] to be in charge of a business, etc.经营；管理◆to run a hotel/factory/store经营酒店／工厂／商店◆He has no idea how to run a business.他不懂得如何管理企业。◆The shareholders want more say in how the company is run.股东要求在公司经营管理中有更多的发言权。◆We hired an agency to run our ad campaign.我们聘用了一家机构来经营我们的广告。◆a badly/well-run company经营不善的／经营有方的公司◆state-run industries国营行业 [transitive] to make a service, a course of study, etc. available to people提供（服务）；开设（课程）◆Training courses are run by various organizations.培训课程由各类机构开设。 SYN organize [intransitive, transitive] (about a machine, a vehicle, a computer, software, etc.) to operate or work; to make sth do this（机器、车辆、计算机、软件等）运行◆The software is designed to run on different operating systems.这一软件被设计在不同的操作系统上运行。◆Press this key to run the program.按此键运行这一程序。◆It's cheaper to keep the machines running than to turn them off.保持机器运行比关掉机器更省钱。 [intransitive] (used with a preposition or an adjective 与介词或形容词连用) to be at or near a particular level处于，接近，达到（某种程度）◆Inflation was running at 26%.通货膨胀率接近 26%。◆Sales have been running below last year's levels.销售额一直低于去年的水平。◆Don't let the hard disk run low on space.不要让硬盘在空间不足的状态下运行。  ➡  run short at run [intransitive] to operate or be valid for a particular period of time（在一段时间内）有效，起作用◆The contract will run for 5 years.合同有效期为 5 年。◆The lease on the building only has a year left to run.这栋大楼的租赁期限只剩下一年。 [intransitive, transitive] to show or publish advertisements, stories, television programmes, etc.; to be shown or published播放；发表；刊登◆The company is running a series of ads on national TV.这家公司正在全国电视台播出系列广告。◆The magazine will run more in-depth news.这本杂志将刊载更深入的新闻报道。 [transitive] run a deficit/surplus to have or keep a debt/an extra amount of money出现赤字／盈余◆The federal government is likely to run a surplus of $150 billion.联邦政府可能出现 1 500 亿元的盈余。 [transitive] run a test/check (on sth) to do a test/check on sth（对某物）进行测试／检查◆This program allows you to run tests on your PC to see how it performs.这一程序可以对个人电脑进行测试以了解其性能。 [transitive] to own and use a vehicle or machine拥有，使用（车辆或机器）◆I can't afford to run a car on my salary.我的薪水养不起车。 [intransitive] (used with an adverb or a preposition 与副词或介词连用) (usually used in the continuous tenses 通常用于进行时) to happen in the way mentioned or at the time mentioned（以某种方式或在某时）发生◆The business is now running smoothly.业务现在进展顺利。◆None of the software projects ran according to schedule.这些软件项目没有一个按计划进行。 ●run a/the ˈrisk of (doing) sthto be or put yourself in a situation in which sth bad could happen to you冒…的危险；冒…的风险◆Retailers run the risk of being left with goods they cannot sell.零售商承担着货物卖不出去的风险。●run ˈlate (used especially in the continuous tenses 尤用于进行时) to do things after the time you planned晚于预定时间做某事◆I'm running late for the meeting.我开会要迟到了。●run out of ˈtimeto have no more time available没有时间了◆They're running out of time to find a buyer.他们没有时间寻找买主了。●run ˈshort ●run ˈshort (of sth)if sth runs short or you run short of sth there is very little left不足；快用完；短缺◆Time is running short.时间不够了。◆The business has run short of cash.这家企业的资金快用完了。●run a tight ˈshipto organize sth in a very efficient way, controlling other people very closely管理有方；严格控制◆She was known for running a tight ship in her previous post.她因在前一职位上管理有方而出名。  ➡  idiom at brick , control noun, foot noun, ground noun, up adj. ●ˌrun back ˈover sthto discuss or consider sth again再次讨论；重新考虑◆I'll run back over the procedure once again.我会再次考虑一下程序。 SYN review ●ˌrun sth ˈby/ˈpast sb (informal) to show sb sth or tell sb about an idea in order to see their reaction to it给某人看，说给某人听（以观察其反应）◆Run that past me again.再给我看看那个东西。●ˌrun ˈdown ●ˌrun sth ˈdownto lose power or stop working; to make sth do this（使）耗尽能量；（使）停止工作◆The battery has run down.电池没电了。to gradually stop working or become smaller in size or number; to make sth do this（使）逐步停止工作；（使）萎缩◆British manufacturing industry has been running down for years.英国制造业多年来一直在萎缩。◆The company is running down its sales force.这家公司正在裁减推销人员。  ➡  rundown ●ˈrun into sthto experience difficulties, etc.遇到（困难等）◆Be careful not to run into debt.小心不要背上债务。◆to run into danger/difficulties/trouble遭遇危险／困难／麻烦to reach a particular level or amount达到（某一水平或数量）◆Her income runs into six figures (= is more than $100 000, etc.).她的收入达到了六位数（10 万元以上）。●ˌrun sth ˈoffto copy sth on a machine（用机器）复制，复印◆Could you run off twenty copies of the agenda?你给我复印二十份会议议程好吗？  ➡  photocopy ●ˌrun ˈonto continue without stopping; to continue longer than is necessary or expected持续不断；拖延◆The meeting will finish promptly—I don't want it to run on.会议将很快结束 ── 我不想拖延。●ˌrun ˈoutif a supply of sth runs out, it is used up or finished用完；耗尽◆The money has run out.资金已经用完了。◆Time is running out for the company to find a buyer.这家公司已经没有时间寻找买主了。if an agreement or a document runs out, it becomes no longer valid过期；失效 SYN expire ●ˌrun ˈout (of sth)to use up or finish a supply of sth用完；耗尽◆We ran out of fuel.我们的燃料用光了。◆The company could run out of cash.这家公司可能会把资金用光。●ˌrun sth ˈpast sb

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